the Ibisse or Sichler is bent beak very long, slim and sickle-shaped waders with one downward. They differ from the second subfamily of the Ibisvögel, the Löfflern, with it. They have more or less strongly trained bare skin-parts at face and throat, with some types, also the whole head is bare. With most types, a white plumage-coloring predominates, others is brown or metallic brilliantly black, one type each is red as well as. pink colored. The front-toes are interconnected through instep-skins.
Way of life A strong sociability-instinct is as well as, to observe at the brood-business in the brood-colonies also like with the food-search. The Ibisse poke in the ground of wetlands and at water-shores after insects, mollusks and cancer-animals, occasionally also after bigger loot-animals.
The nests can have aimed between swamp-plants, on trees or at rocks (Waldrapp). Broadly, a nest consists of 3-5 eggs, that are incubated almost exactly for 3 weeks. At the feeding, the alto-birds choke the feed highly from the stomach; the boys then take out it from the pharynx or even stomach itself.
The Ibisse fly with far extended neck like the Störche. They differ from the herons, who place its head against the shoulders, with it. The legs are dragged. Within one swarm, it frequently is alternated by all birds between flaps and glide simultaneously. To sleeping, the Ibisse put the head into the shoulder-plumage.
Spread, species-number The 17 types of the Ibisse with 20 types seem to the elderly and new world in all continents.
Brown Sichler The brown Sichler (Plegadis falcinellus) living at few places of Europe still today is also the single type simultaneously, that is almost spread about the whole world. The brown Sichler is very changeable as brood-bird; it broods at some places in large number, then evacuates this hatchery without reason recognizable for the human being for some time, however, or also for always. This changeability is not frequent interconnected with any change of the environment.
Reproduction The brown Sichler migratory bird is in the European brood-area. At the hatchery, it arrives from the hibernation-areas in the Mediterranean-area and the tropical Africa only in April and leaves this in August or September. Both spouses build the nest, in Europe usually in the reed (from reed-stalks) or on pasture-hedge (from branches and reed-leaves), in the Asian area also on high trees. Also with the brood, both spouses take turns; the male broods predominantly at night.
With approximately 2 weeks, the boys begin herumzuklettern in nest-proximity. In the larger colonies, the squabs of all nests to stoves gather together and are fed by the alto-birds together. The boys should be fully airworthy after six to seven weeks. they then scatter into all directions, primarily into the coast-regions.
Spread The brown Sichler got through expansion of its brood-area as far as to North America. In the west (Mexico until Louisiana), the corresponding habitat is populated by the Brillenibis (Plegadis chihi).
Further types Until in the 17. Century also was native in Europe of the Waldrapp.
it is, long-range and characteristic reputation of an African type, the Hagedasch (Hagedashia hagedash), the name is founded on tone-painting, one of the well-known bird-lute is all over Africa. it is frequent in East-Africa. Swamps, awash terrain, rivers with tree-existed shores and grassland is preferred.
A similar type is the olive Ibis (Lampribis olivacea). it is somewhat bigger than the Hagedasch and carries a mop of hair on the head. it much more frequently than seen is been fitting by its honking, goose-good reputation. it occurs in the mountain-forests of the Mount Kenya, in the Usambara-Bergen and at the Kilimandscharo. The Karunkelibis differs in a gill and strikingly white wing-blankets, Bostrychia carunculata] from the olive Ibis. it is narrowly on the highland of Ethiopia and Eritrea.
Besides the sacred Ibis and the brown Sichler, also the mop of hair or Mähnenibis (Lophotibis cristata) typical for the island, that attracts attention through its strongly extended rear-head-feathers, lives on Madagascar.
Many further types come Z. T. very locally on the 5 continents before. So, the Molukkenibis (Threskiornis molucca) and the Stachelibis (Carphibis spinicollis) are acting to mention for the Australian area, the white Sichler (Eudocimus albus) for Central America, that red or Scharlachibis (Eudocimus ruber) as South American type, a special attraction of some zoological gardens.
Sacred Ibis Already 5000 years ago, the saint Ibis (Threskiornis aethiopica) in alto-Egypt was admired as embodiment of the God of Thoth (Thoth): Writers of the God. The bird was probably above all if the Nile had flooded the country, widespread. The saint Ibis was included in many pictorial representations as well, whole Ibisfriedhöfe were positioned. Already in the incipient one 19. Century only breeds this type near seas and other waters, also at the coast.
The near relative Schwarzkopfibis (Threskiornis melanocephala) in Asia uses a similar habitat.
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