the sandpipers forms a quite uniform group of the snipe-birds with 19-24 types (according to opinion), however some put zoologist many types of separate types. Probably, however, the summary of 19 types is quite meaningful in the type Calidris. Often, "sandpipers" are also understood as an independent subfamily of the snipe-birds in the further sense together with the fight-runner, the grass-runner (Tryngites subruficollis) of North America's arctic northwest and some further snipe-relative.
Occurrences Sandpipers live in the northern areas of the Holarktis (arctic and sub-arctic regions the newcomer and elderly world) as brood-birds. It is small "waders", who (Limicolen) populate also Central Europe's coast-regions outside the incubation in often gigantic swarms.
Types The dwarf-sandpiper (Calidris minuta) and the 12,5-16 cm long meadow-sandpiper (C) are with 13 cm of total-length. minutillus, from North America the smallest representatives of its group. they appear also like the 14 cm long Temminckstrandläufer (C). temminckii, the 19 cm big gouge-sandpipers C. ferruginea, that 21 cm long sea-sandpipers (C). maritima, and the 20 cm big Sanderling (C). alba, only as Durchzügler in Central Europe. The Knutt (C). canutus, as biggest type of the sandpipers becomes 25 cm long.
Only the 17-19 cm big Alps-sandpipers (C). alpina to decide well in the brood-dress at the typically black stomach-plumage broods also on the British islands as well as at the coasts of the north and Baltic sea. In addition, they also are around widespread the North-pole as brood-birds.
Some of the other mentioned sandpipers breed u. a. also in Scandinavia's north. In the winter, the sandpiper-types move as far as to South America far southwards. South-Asia, Australia and to Africa; some types and part-populations also remain the equator northern.
Brood-biology Sandpipers put its usually from 4 (2-5) eggs of existing nests into flat, bowl-shaped ground-hollows, that are from-dressed with grass or leaves. Usually, both alto-birds incubate alternate for 20-25 (with many types 21-22) days the eggs from. Young sandpipers leave the nest as Nestflüchter soon and become from both parents, also mainly often, however, from an alto-bird led, until they become 2-3 weeks independently after good. Only sometimes, some types of the sandpipers pull up also 2 broods in a season; a yearly-brood is the rule broadly.
Endangering The Alps-sandpiper (Calidris alpina) is on the red list of the types threatened by the extinction with us. Sea-sandpipers (Calidris maritima) and dwarf-sandpipers (Calidris minuta) are endangered Durchzügler. with us
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